基于CFD⁃DEM的水下切粒装置水室内颗粒流动过程数值模拟

基于CFD?DEM耦合方法，研究了颗粒在水室内的流动状态，分析了不同刀盘转速、粒子水通入量和水室出口角度对造粒过程的影响，发现提高刀盘转速、增加粒子水通入量和水室出口倾斜一定的角度都有利于水室内颗粒的排出。进一步研究了颗粒与碎屑在水室内的流动，发现在水室出口处二者的流动基本呈现出一定的分离角度。     

Novel one- and two-dimensional InSbS3 semiconductors for photocatalytic water splitting: The role of edge electron states

Photocatalytic water splitting has become a promising technology to solve environmental pollution and energy shortage. Exploring stable and efficient photocatalysts are highly desired. Herein, we propose novel low-dimensional InSbS₃ semiconductors with good stability based on density functional theory. Such InSbS₃ structures could be obtained from their bulk crystal by suitable exfoliation methods. Our calculations indicate that two-dimensional (2D) and one-dimensional (1D) InSbS₃ nanostructures have moderate band gaps (2.54 and 1.97 eV, respectively) and suitable band edge alignments, which represents sufficient redox capacity for photocatalytic water splitting. 2D InSbS₃ monolayer possesses oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and 1D InSbS₃ single-nanochain possesses hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity under acidic conditions. Interestingly, two edge electron states can be introduced when the dimension of InSbS₃ is reduced from 2D to 1D and the new electron states can exist in arbitrary-width nanoribbons, which can effectively promote the process of HER. Moreover, InSbS₃ monolayer and single-nanochain also exhibit large solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, high carrier mobility, and excellent optical absorption properties, which can facilitate the process of photocatalytic reactions. Our findings can stimulate the synthesis and applications of low-dimensional InSbS₃ semiconductors for overall water splitting.     

Improvement of gaseous bioenergy production from spent coffee grounds Co-digestion with pulp wastewater by physical/chemical pretreatments

Two steps of hydrolysis and anaerobic biogas production processes was investigated in this study. In the first step, subcritical water (SBW) hydrolysis and chemical (acid/alkali) pretreatments were carried out to enhance hydrolysis efficiency by obtaining and analyzing the total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total sugar productions from spent coffee grounds (SCG) hydrolysate. The subcritical water (SBW) hydrolysis under the condition of temperature 150 °C for 30 min can greatly improve the organic matter breakdown and reached the COD concentration of 1010 g/L which was 30% higher than the untreated raw SCG. For chemical pretreatments, it was found that the alkaline hydrolysis of SCG resulted in the greatest total sugar concentration of 181 g/L whereas the operation conditions were 2.0 M NaOH at 60 °C for 1 h. The peak of TVFA concentration 3725 mg/L was found at the acid hydrolysis of SCG with 1.0 M H₂SO₄ acid, 60 °C for 1 h. The optimal biomethane yield of 115 mL/g COD was obtained when 1.0 M H₂SO₄ acid hydrolysate co-digestion with pulp wastewater which increase methane yield production 8 times of raw pulp wastewater. The pretreatment process was confirmed in this study can significant improve the converting of the biowastes to bioenergy efficiency.     

受老空水威胁工作面巷道防治水实践

针对高庄煤矿3_上1104回风巷为沿空掘巷,巷道掘进期间受3_上1102老空水威胁,掘进开采存在严重的水患安全问题,采用超前打设疏水孔的方案来治理老空水威胁,对巷道采用调向增大护巷煤柱厚度等措施实现巷道安全快速掘进,探放水期间无淹巷情况发生,探放水后巷道顶板和上帮无淋水现象发生。     

Effects of high-pressure-modified soy 11S globulin on the gel properties and water-holding capacity of pork batter

The effects of high-pressure-modified soy 11S globulin (0.1, 200, and 400 MPa) on the gel properties, water-holding capacity, and water mobility of pork batter were investigated. The high-pressure-modified soy 11S globulin significantly increased (P < 0.05) the emulsion stability, cooking yield, hardness, springiness, chewiness, resilience, cohesiveness, the a^* and b^* values, and the G′ and G′′ values of pork batter at 80 °C, compared with those of 0.1 MPa-modified globulin. In contrast, the centrifugal loss and initial relaxation time of T_2b, T₂₁, and T₂₂ significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the microstructure was denser, and the voids were smaller and more uniform compared with those of 0.1 MPa-modified globulin. In addition, the sample with 11S globulin modified at 400 MPa had the best water-holding capacity, gel structure, and gel properties among the samples. Overall, the use of high-pressure-modified soy 11S globulin improved the gel properties and water-holding capacity of pork batter, especially under 400 MPa.     

江西省水系连通及水美乡村建设试点县实施方案编制存在的问题及对策

为提高水系连通及水美乡村建设试点县实施方案编制质量，更好地参加全国竞争性立项，本文分析研究了江西省55个水系连通及水美乡村建设试点县实施方案和相应的专家评审意见，对实施方案编制过程中存在的符合性、完整性不够，实施范围情况调查不准等七个方面突出问题进行梳理剖析，并提出相应对策，可为实施方案编制提供参考。     

Investigation into adsorption equilibrium and thermodynamics for water vapor on montmorillonite clay

The isothermal adsorption curves for water vapor on montmorillonite were measured by a gravimetric adsorption system. Dent's model was employed to estimate the adsorption behaviors of water vapor on primary adsorption sites and secondary adsorption sites. The thermodynamics analysis of water vapor adsorption was performed. At low vapor pressure region, primary adsorption predominates, and with increasing vapor pressure, secondary adsorption becomes notable. Primary adsorption sites have an evidently stronger adsorption affinity than secondary adsorption sites. With increasing vapor pressure, Gibbs free energy variation rapidly increases and then reduces slowly. Although increasing vapor pressure raises adsorption spontaneity on primary adsorption sites, the enhancement in vapor pressure decreases the spontaneity of water vapor adsorption on secondary adsorption sites. As adsorbed loading increases, isosteric heat of adsorption and entropy loss decrease first and then increase quickly. The gradually growing water clusters are responsible for the increase of entropy loss at late stage.     

“灰绿”协同措施对银川市合流制溢流污染的影响EI北大核心CSCD

针对合流制管网系统在雨天溢流污染严重,造成城市水体黑臭现象的问题,以银川市某高密度城区合流制管网系统为例,基于SWMM模型,在短历时设计降雨和长历时设计降雨两种条件下,模拟分析了合流制溢流(CSO)调蓄池、雨污管道混错接改造、绿化带海绵化改造等“灰绿”协同措施对CSO污染的影响。结果表明:CSO调蓄池、雨污管道混错接改造、绿化带海绵化改造及“灰绿”措施结合4种方案在短历时、长历时设计降雨条件下,随着降水量的增加,溢流水量及溢流污染物负荷均增加,溢流削减率均逐渐减小,其中“灰绿”措施结合方案对溢流污染的削减效果最为显著;重现期小于5 a时,溢流水量削减率与溢流污染物负荷削减率基本达到80%;降雨条件为中雨时,污染物负荷削减率基本达到75%;重现期为20 a时,溢流水量削减率及TSS、COD、TP、NH^(+)_(4)-N负荷削减率分别达到64%、70%、70%、70%、70%;降雨条件为大雨时,溢流水量削减率及TSS、COD、TP、NH^(+)_(4)-N负荷削减率分别达到28%、32%、26%、31%、33%。     

减水剂类型对赤泥—矿渣基地聚物注浆材料性能的影响及机理研究

针对赤泥等固体废弃物对环境危害性大且利用率低等问题,以碱激发赤泥-矿渣基地聚物注浆材料为 研究对象,研究了不同掺量的聚羧酸(PA)减水剂、醛酮缩合物(AKC)减水剂和萘系(N)减水剂对材料凝结时间、流动 性及强度等的影响,并通过 XRD、傅里叶红外光谱及 SEM 等设备对减水剂的作用机理进行研究。 结果表明:减水剂增 强了材料的流动性但降低了材料的剪切应力;N 和 PA 减水剂能缩短材料的凝结时间,但 AKC 减水剂会延长材料的凝 结时间;N 和 AKC 减水剂能提高材料的强度,但 PA 减水剂会降低材料的强度;N 减水剂对材料的综合性能提升效果 更加明显,其最优掺量为 0. 7%;减水剂对赤泥-矿渣基地聚物性能提升的作用机理主要是促进地聚合物凝胶的形成。 研究成果为拓展赤泥在工程上的使用途径和效率提供了理论指导。